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This article explores the legal requirements to be considered either a safe country of origin (SCO) or safe third country (STC) and examines the evidence on whether or not Turkey complies with these requirements. Based on our examination of the empirical evidence, we suggest that Turkey is neither a safe country of origin nor a safe third country. In light of strong evidence that Turkey does not comply with the legal requirements to be considered a ‘safe country’ in general, we urge the Commission, the Council, and Member States to reconsider: a) the proposal to designate Turkey a safe country of origin, and b) the plan to strengthen cooperation on migration with Turkey based on the assumption that Turkey is a safe third country. (Download the article here)
